检验医学 ›› 2019, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (5): 421-427.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2019.05.008

• 临床应用研究·论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

西安市218株结核分枝杆菌耐药情况分析

杨健, 张天华(), 鲜小萍, 李妍, 陈美玲, 王蕊   

  1. 陕西省结核病防治研究所,陕西 西安 710048
  • 收稿日期:2017-08-31 出版日期:2019-05-30 发布日期:2019-05-28
  • 作者简介:null

    作者简介:杨 健,男,1986年生,硕士,主管技师,主要从事结核病实验室诊断研究。

  • 基金资助:
    陕西省重点研发计划项目(2018SF-207)

Drug resistance of 218 isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in

Xi'an YANG Jian, ZHANG Tianhua(), XIAN Xiaoping, LI Yan, CHEN Meiling, WANG Rui   

  1. Shaanxi Province Institute for Tuberculosis Control and Prevention,Xi'an 710048,Shaanxi,China
  • Received:2017-08-31 Online:2019-05-30 Published:2019-05-28

摘要:

目的 分析西安市结核分枝杆菌的耐药情况及影响因素。方法 收集分离自西安市某结核病耐药监测点227例肺结核病患者痰涂片阳性样本的218株结核分枝杆菌。采用比例法药物敏感性试验检测218株结核分枝杆菌对9种抗结核药物的耐药性。采用多因素非条件Logistic回归分析评价耐药危险因素。结果 218株结核分枝杆菌总耐药率为32.57%,初治组总耐药率为29.03%,复治组总耐药率为53.13%,耐多药率为6.88%;对一线、二线抗结核药物的耐药率分别为25.69%和15.14%。对9种抗结核药物的耐药顺位为链霉素(SM)>异烟肼(INH)> 利福平(RFP)>乙胺丁醇(EMB)>氧氟沙星(OFX)>卷曲霉素(CM)>对氨基水杨酸(PAS) >卡那霉素(KM)>丙硫异烟胺(PTO);耐药谱有29种类型,其中单耐药6种,多耐药3种,耐多药7种(含广泛耐药1种),含二线药多耐药11种,其他耐药2种。复治组总耐药率、耐多药率均显著高于初治组[比值比(OR)=3.39,95%可信区间(CI)1.49~7.70,χ2=8.52,P=0.004;OR=4.83,95%CI 1.53~15.25,χ2=7.21,P=0.01]。年家庭经济收入≤4万元的肺结核病患者耐多药率显著高于相应对照组(OR=3.96,95%CI 1.31~11.97,χ2=5.94,P=0.02)。结论 西安市结核分枝杆菌总耐药率、耐多药率低于全国平均水平,耐药谱呈多态性和复杂性,复治患者发生耐药和耐多药的概率较高,家庭经济收入低的患者发生耐多药的概率较高。

关键词: 肺结核, 结核分枝杆菌, 耐药性, 危险因素, 西安市

Abstract:

Objective To analyze the drug resistance and risk factors of 218 isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) in Xi'an. Methods A total of 218 isolates of MTB from 227 smear positive tuberculosis patients' sputum samples were collected in a surveillance point of Xi'an. The proportional method was used for the drug susceptibility test of 9 anti-tuberculosis drugs. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors. Results The overall drug resistance rate was 32.57% (29.03% for the initial treatment cases and 53.13% for the retreatment cases). The multi-drug resistance rate was 6.88%. The drug resistance rates to first-line and second-line anti-tuberculosis drugs were 25.69% and 15.14%,respectively. It showed the highest resistance to streptomycin (SM),followed by isoniazid (INH),rifampicin (RFP),ethambutol (EMB),ofloxacin (OFX),capreomycin (CM),p-aminosalicylic acid(PAS),kanamycin (KM) and protionamide (PTO). There were 29 types of drug resistance,including 6 cases of mono-drug resistance,3 cases of poly-drug resistance,7 cases of multi-drug resistance,11 cases of second-line drug resistance and 2 cases of other drug resistance. The drug resistance rate and multi-drug resistance rate in retreatment group were higher than those in initial treatment group [odds ratio (OR) =3.39,95% confidence interval(CI)1.49-7.70,χ2=8.52,P=0.004;OR=4.83,95%CI 1.53-15.25,χ2=7.21,P=0.01]. The multi-drug resistance rate in the group of annual family income less than 40 thousand was higher than that of corresponding control group (OR=3.96,95%CI 1.31-11.97,χ2=5.94,P=0.02). Conclusions The overall drug resistance rate and multi-drug resistance rate of pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Xi'an are lower than those of the whole nation. The drug resistant spectrum has polymorphism and complexity. The drug retreatment patients are more likely to have drug resistance and multi-drug resistance,and low family income patients are more likely to have multi-drug resistance.

Key words: Pulmonary tuberculosis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Drug resistance, Risk factor, Xi'an city

中图分类号: