Laboratory Medicine ›› 2024, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (5): 458-463.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2024.05.008

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Relation between peripheral blood cell score combined with IL-32 and prognosis of patients undergoing surgical treatment for multiple myeloma

MA Liyuan, YU Xiaohui, ZHANG Ningyu   

  1. Department of Clinical Laboratory,Dalian Second People's Hospital,Dalian 116000,Liaoning,China
  • Received:2022-05-05 Revised:2023-12-12 Online:2024-05-30 Published:2024-06-12

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the relation between peripheral blood cell score combined with interleukin(IL)-32 level and the prognosis of patients with multiple myeloma(MM) after surgical treatment. Methods A total of 102 MM patients who underwent surgical treatment in Dalian Second People's Hospital from January 2019 to January 2021 were enrolled. The absolute value of monocytes(MO#),platelet(PLT) count,mean corpuscular volume(MCV) and IL-32 level were determined at 1 d before operation,and the peripheral blood cell score was calculated. The clinical data and laboratory determination results of all the patients were collected. After 1 year of follow-up,MM patients were classified into survival group(76 cases) and death group(26 cases). Receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve was used to analyze the efficacy of each index in predicting postoperative mortality of MM patients. Kaplan-Meier survival curve was used to analyze the prognosis of MM patients,and Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was used to evaluate the risk factors for postoperative death of MM patients. Results The death group had higher percentages of peripheral blood cell score 2-3,MO#>0.6×109·L-1, MCV>100 fL,cystatin C(Cys C) and IL-32 levels than survival group(P<0.05). The areas under curves(AUC) of peripheral blood cell score and IL-32 single and combined determinations for predicting postoperative death of MM patients were 0.811,0.837 and 0.905,respectively. The survival rate of peripheral blood cell score 2-3 group was lower than that of 0-1 group(P<0.05),and the survival rate of high IL-32 group (IL-32≥62.38 ng·L-1) was lower than that of low IL-32 group(IL-32<62.38 ng·L-1)(P<0.05). Peripheral blood cell score,IL-32 and Cys C were all risk factors for death of MM patients at 1 year after operation [hazard ratios(HR) were 3.854,3.677 and 3.575, 95% confidence intervals(CI) were 1.394-10.650,1.330-10.161 and 1.294-9.880,respectively]. Conclusions Peripheral blood cell score combined with IL-32 can be used as a sensitive index to predict the death of MM patients at 1 year after operation.

Key words: Peripheral blood cell score, Interleukin-32, Multiple myeloma, Prognosis

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