Laboratory Medicine ›› 2025, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (3): 287-293.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2025.03.015

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Accuracy analysis of urine protein and urine cast of hospitalized liver cirrhosis patients

LIU Shanfeng, GAO Yun, WANG Limin, WANG Ping()   

  1. Department of Clinical Laboratory ,Union Hospital,Tongji Medical College,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430022,Hubei,China
  • Received:2023-05-25 Revised:2024-08-08 Online:2025-03-30 Published:2025-04-10

Abstract:

Objective To analyze the accuracy of urine protein (PRO) by dry chemical method and urine cast (CAST) by flow cytometry. Methods A total of 151 liver cirrhosis patients (liver cirrhosis group) and 50 hepatitis patients (control group) were enrolled from the Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology from September to December 2022. The clinical data and liver function and kidney function and urine routine determination results were collected and analyzed. Three microscopy review rules were defined. Rule one:urine PRO by dry chemical method was positive. Rule two:urine CAST by flow cytometry was >2·μL-1. Rule three:if any results of blood (BLD),leukocyte esterase (LEU)and urine PRO by dry chemical system were different from the results of red blood cell (RBC),white blood cell (WBC)and cast (CAST) by urine sediment analyzer correspondingly,the result of urobilirubin (UBIL) by dry chemical system was positive or abnormal alarms by urine sediment analyzer. The accuracy of urine PRO by dry chemical method and urine CAST by flow cytometry was assessed. Results Serum albumin (Alb) level of liver cirrhosis group was lower than that of control group(P=0.001),the serum creatinine(SCr)level and CAST positive rate in centrifugated urine of liver cirrhosis group were both higher than those of control group. The positive rate of urine PRO by quantitative analysis of liver cirrhosis group was higher than that of urine PRO by qualitative analysis (P<0.001),and the CAST was higher (P<0.05). CAST [odds ratio(OR)=1.694,95% confidence interval(CI)1.285-2.233,P<0.001],urine PRO by quantitative analysis(OR=1.002,95%CI 1.001-1.004,P=0.004),urine PRO by qualitative analysis(OR=4.286,95%CI 1.542-11.908,P=0.005)and UBIL(+)(OR=3.345,95%CI 1.687-6.636,P=0.001)were related to positive urine CAST. UBIL(+)(OR=2.473,95%CI 1.143-5.354,P=0.022)and CAST(OR=1.523,95%CI 1.152-2.013,P=0.003)can be used to predict urine CAST. The false negative rates of urine CAST by Rule one,Rule two and Rule three were all > 5%,those of Rule one and Rule two were higher than those of control group(P<0.05),and those of Rule three had no statistical significance with those of control group(P>0.05). Conclusions For patients with liver cirrhosis,the false negative rates of urine PRO by dry chemical method and urine CAST by flow cytometry are high,and it is recommended that the urinalysis of hospitalized liver cirrhosis patients should be reviewed by microscopy.

Key words: Urine protein, Cast, Liver cirrhosis, Microscopy

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