Laboratory Medicine ›› 2025, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (12): 1183-1189.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2025.12.008

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Risk factors for poor prognosis in elderly patients with severe fever and thrombocytopenia syndrome and their clinical significance

LI Song1, XIANG Xu2()   

  1. 1. School of Laboratory Medicine,Hubei University of Chinese Medicine,Wuhan 430065,Hubei,China
    2. Department of Clinical Laboratory,Tongji Hospital,Tongji Medical College,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430030,Hubei,China
  • Received:2024-08-06 Revised:2025-05-13 Online:2025-12-30 Published:2025-12-26
  • Contact: XIANG Xu

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the risk factors and clinical role of prognosis in elderly patients with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome(SFTS). Methods A total of 120 elderly SFTS patients at Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology from April 2023 to June 2024 were enrolled. The patients were classified into good prognosis group(65 cases) and poor prognosis group(55 cases) based on their prognosis. They were classified into low age (≤69 years old)group(61 cases) and high age (>69 years old)group(59 cases) according to the median of age (69 years old)as well. The clinical data at admission and laboratory determination results within 1 d after admission were collected. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the influencing factors of prognosis in elderly SFTS patients. Receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve was used to evaluate the efficacy of various indicators in predicting poor prognosis of SFTS patients. Results The advanced age,the number of consciousness disorder and the levels of serum ferritin(SF),interleukin(IL)-1β,interleukin-2 receptor(IL-2R),IL-6,IL-8,IL-10 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α) in poor prognosis group were higher than those in good prognosis group(P<0.05),while the length of hospital stay and platelet(PLT) count were lower in poor prognosis group(P<0.05). There was no statistical significance in the other clinical data and laboratory determination results between the 2 groups(P>0.05). The white blood cell(WBC)count,the absolute value of neutrophils(NEUT#) and death number in high age group were higher than those in low age group(P<0.05),while there was no statistical significance in the other indicators between the 2 groups(P>0.05). Advanced age,combined consciousness disorder and elevated IL-2R level were independent risk factors for poor prognosis in elderly SFTS patients [odds ratios(OR) were 1.107,7.308 and 1.001,95% confidence intervals(CI) were 1.017-1.204,2.022-26.413 and 1.000-1.002,respectively,P<0.05]. The areas under curves(AUC) of the single determinations of age,IL-2R and consciousness disorder and the combined determination for predicting poor prognosis of elderly SFTS patients were 0.650,0.785,0.689 and 0.857,respectively. Conclusions Elderly SFTS patients with poor prognosis have elevated cytokines in their bodies. Age>68,high IL-2R(>1 465 U·mL-1) and consciousness disorder are related to the poor prognosis of elderly SFTS patients. Evaluating the prognosis of elderly SFTS patients by combining age,IL-2R and consciousness disorder is more effective.

Key words: Cytokine, Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome, Elderly, Prognosis assessment

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