Abstract:

Objective To investigate the correlation between cytomegalovirus（CMV） and Epstein-Barr virus（EBV） co-infection and the prognosis of patients after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation（HSCT）. Methods Totally，327 patients with CMV and EBV co-infection（75 cases），CMV or EBV infection group（165 cases） and no infection group（87 cases） were enrolled in the Hematology Department of Peking University People's Hospital. The clinical data and CMV and EBV infection status were collected. Kaplan-Meier survival curve and Cox proportional regression analysis were used to analyze whether CMV and EBV co-infection was a risk factor for the prognosis of patients after HSCT. Results The patients was mainly ≤40 years old（226 cases，69.1%），and the proportion of patients ≤40 years old in CMV and EBV co-infection group was higher than that in patients >40 years old（P<0.05）. In terms of human leukocyte antigen（HLA） matching，the proportion of haploidentical in CMV and EBV co-infection group was higher than that in CMV or EBV infection group and no infection group（P<0.05）. The one-year overall survival（OS） rates of CMV and EBV co-infection group，CMV or EBV infection group and no infection group were 86.7%，85.4% and 95.4%（P<0.05）. Kaplan-Meier survival curve results showed that CMV and EBV co-infection was a risk factor for one-year OS after HSCT（P<0.05）. Cox proportional regression analysis showed that CMV and EBV co-infection and CMV or EBV infection were risk factors for one-year OS after HSCT [hazard ratios（HR） were 12.553 and 13.108，95% confidence interval（CI） 1.456-108.230 and 1.683-102.062，P=0.021 and 0.014，respectively]. Conclusions CMV infection（with or without EBV infection） may reduce one-year OS after HSCT.

Key words: Cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, Co-infection, Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, Prognosis