Abstract: Objective　To investigate the effects of Toll-like receptor（TLR）2 and TLR4 of peripheral blood mononuclear cells（PBMC） in patients with early-stage rheumatoid arthritis （RA） and the responsiveness of TLR4 to lipopolysaccharide（LPS） and TLR2 to biglycan（BGN）.  Methods　The expressions of TLR4⁺/CD14⁺ monocytes，TLR2 mRNA, TLR4 mRNA and cytokines of interleukin-6（IL-6） and tumor necrosis factor alpha（TNFα） in supernatants were analyzed by flow cytometry，real-time fluorescence quantitation reverse transcription（RT）- polymerase chain reaction（PCR） and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA） respectively in PBMC before and after stimulation.  Results　The TLR2 mRNA in PBMC of RA patients were significantly higher than those of healthy controls（P＜0.01）. The TLR4 mRNA of RA patients were significantly lower than those of healthy control. LPS increased TLR4 mRNA of RA patients（3.50-fold） and decreased TLR4 mRNA of healthy controls（0.11-fold）. LPS and BGN increased cytokines′ production in all groups，while the increased folds of IL-6 and TNFα in PBMC from RA patients were significantly higher than the cells from healthy controls.  Conclusions　TLR2 and TLR4 of PBMC display important roles in the development of early-stage RA.