Abstract:

Objective To analyze the distribution characteristics of common pathogenic microorganism and risk factors of acute diarrhea in children. Methods A total of 112 children with acute diarrhea and 112 healthy children in Lanxi Ruikang Hospital were retrospectively enrolled as diarrhea group and control group from April 2021 to April 2023，respectively. The distribution characteristics of common pathogenic microorganism in children with acute diarrhea were analyzed. The differences in relevant information such as general data and hygiene habits were compared between the 2 groups. The risk factors of acute diarrhea were analyzed by Logistic regression analysis. Results There were 83 positive samples in the 112 clinical samples，with positive determination rate of 74.11%（83/112）. In infectious diarrhea，the determination rate of viral infection was the highest，and there were 67 isolates of enterovirus，with positive determination rate of 59.82%（67/112）. Rotavirus was the main virus. There were 16 isolates of bacteria，with positive determination rate of 14.29%（16/112），and Salmonella was the main bacterium. There was statistical significance in patients' ages and hygiene habits between the 2 groups（P<0.05），but there was no statistical significance in gender and parental education level（P>0.05）. Age ≤2 years，delayed disposal of leftovers，tableware non-disinfection，non-frequent nail trimming，flies or cockroaches in rooms，children's hand non-washing before meals and after using toilets，antibiotic usage，finger-sucking habit and omophagia were independent risk factors of acute diarrhea in children（P<0.05）. Conclusions Children with acute diarrhea are mainly infected with enteroviruses，and rotavirus infection is common. For children aged ≤2 years，special attention should be paid to food hygiene and hand hygiene to prevent the occurrence of acute diarrhea.

Key words: Bacterium, Virus, Acute diarrhea, Children, Risk factor