Table of Content

30 October 2015, Volume 30 Issue 10

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Clinical significance of peripheral blood T lymphocyte apoptosis determination for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients

LIAO Changzheng, XU Wenli, CHEN Sizu.

2015, 30(10):  971-974.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2015.10.001

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To investigate the correlation of the apoptosis of peripheral blood CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells with lung function in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)patients.

A total of 30 stable COPD patients, 30 acute exacerbation COPD patients and 20 healthy subjects were enrolled. The apoptosis of peripheral blood CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells was determined by flow cytometry. The correlation of T lymphocyte apoptosis with forced expiratory volume 1 second (FEV1%) and FEV1/forced vital capacity (FVC) was analyzed.

The CD4⁺ T cell apoptosis of COPD group increased significantly with that of healthy control group(P<0.01), and that of acute exacerbation group was higher than that of stable group (P<0.05). The CD8⁺ T cell apoptosis of COPD group was lower than that of healthy control group (P<0.01) . The CD8⁺ T cell apoptosis of acute exacerbation group was lower than that of stable group(P<0.05). CD4⁺ T cell apoptosis was negatively correlated with FEV1% and FEV1/FVC, and CD8⁺ T cell apoptosis was positively correlated with FEV1% and FEV1/FVC (P<0.01).

The apoptosis of CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells is closely related to lung function in COPD patients, which can be used as an indicator for the monitor of COPD.

Evaluation on the efficacy of PEG-IFNα-2b plus ribavirin treatment for acute hepatitis C in different times

ZHAO Hua, JIN Hangyun, PAN Tonghui, FANG Yucai

2015, 30(10):  975-979.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2015.10.002

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To investigate the efficacy influence of polyethylene glycol interferon alpha-2b(PEG-IFNα-2b)plus ribavirin treatment for acute hepatitis C(AHC) in different times.

All 40 patients with AHC were classified into Ⅰ(viremia lasted less than 3 months, 23 cases) and Ⅱ(viremia lasted for 3 months to 6 months, 17 cases) groups, and they were administrated PEG-IFNα-2b (80 μg/week) combined with ribavirin (800mg/d) for 24 weeks. Before the treatment(at the end of week 0) and after the treatment (at the ends of week 12, 24 and 48), serum hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), hyaluronic acid (HA) and laminin (LN) were determined. The results were analyzed statistically.

The HCV RNA, ALT, AST, HA and LN before the treatment in Ⅰ and Ⅱ groups were different statistically(P<0.05). After the treatment, the levels of HCV RNA, ALT, AST, HA and LN in Ⅰ group decreased. Compared with those before the treatment of Ⅰ group and after the treatment of Ⅱ group, there was statistical significance (P<0.05). After the treatment, the early virological response(EVR)rate and virological response at end of therapy(ETVR) rate, sustained virological response(SVR)rate, biochemical response(BR) rate and the recovery rates of HA and LN of Ⅰ group were higher than those after the treatment of Ⅱ group (P<0.05). The relapse rate in Ⅱ group after the treatment was higher than that in Ⅰ group after the treatment(P<0.05).

The PEG-IFNα-2b plus ribavirin treatment for AHC could prevent the occurrence of chronic hepatitis C and liver fibrosis. The clinical curative efficacy of AHC with viremia lasted less than 3 months with this therapeutic schedule is better than that with viremia lasted for 3 months to 6 months. It is easy to relapse in AHC patients with viremia lasted for 3 months to 6 months after the treatment.

Clinical application of the quantitative determination of serum procalcitonin in the diagnosis of bacterial infection

HUANG Chenjing, XIA Huafeng, WANG Yin.

2015, 30(10):  980-982.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2015.10.003

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To evaluate the clinical application significance of serum procalcitonin (PCT) quantitative detemination in the diagnosis of different pathogens (bacterium and non-bacterium, Gram-positive coccus and Gram-negative bacillus), different types (systemic infection and local infection such as urinary and respiratory systems), different populations (male, female and different age groups).

The pathogens were isolated from outpatients and inpatients from January 2014 to December 2014, meanwhile serum PCT was determined quantitatively, and the results were analyzed statistically.

The serum PCT in bacterium infection group was significantly higher than those in fungus and non-bacterium infection groups, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The serum PCT in systemic infection group was significantly higher than that in local infection group (P<0.05). There was no statistical significance for serum PCT levels among bacterium infection, respiratory system, urinary system and nervous system infection groups (P> 0.05). In bacterium infection group, serum PCT level in Gram-negative bacillus infection group was higher than that in Gram-positive coccus infection group (P<0.05). However, there was no statistical significance between male and female and for different ages(P>0.05).

Serum PCT can be used as an important indicator of bacterium infection, especially systemic infection.

Research on genotype and relationship of genotype with drug-resistant phenotypes from 266 Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Qingpu District

PENG Rong, FEI Fengying.

2015, 30(10):  983-986.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2015.10.004

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To investigate the genotype and relationship of genotype with drug-resistant phenotypes of Mycobacterium tuberculosis(MTB)popular isolates in Qingpu, Shanghai.

The DNA of 266 MTB isolates were extracted and identified as Beijing genotype and non-Beijing genotype by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Drug sensitivity tests of the 266 MTB isolates against streptomycin, isoniazid, rifampicin and ethambutol were performed by proportion method. The relationships of genotype with sex, age and drug-resistant phenotypes were analyzed by SPSS 17.0 statistical software, respectively.

The 242 isolates (90.98%) were identified as Beijing genotype, while 24 isolates (9.02%) were identified as non-Beijing genotype. The overall drug resistance rate of Beijing genotype isolates was 23.96%, while multidrug-resistance rate was 9.91%.The overall drug resistance rate and multidrug-resistance rate were 29.16% and 8.83% as to non-Beijing genotype.

The MTB popular isolates of Qingpu, Shanghai might be Beijing genotype, but it exists significant difference between Beijing and non-Beijing genotypes for drug resistance.

Evaluation on the clinical diagnosis efficiency of pleural fluid ADA and LDH for tuberculous pleuritis

LI Duofu, CHEN Yulin, XIA Yu

2015, 30(10):  987-990.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2015.10.005

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To investigate the clinical significance of pleural fluid adenosine deaminase(ADA) and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) for diagnosing tuberculosis, cancer and other diseases.

A retrospective analysis was performed for the data of pleural fluid in inpatients, including 38 cases of tuberculosis, 74 cases of cancer and 108 cases of other diseases. Receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve was used to determine pleural fluid ADA and LDH optimal thresholds for the diagnosis of tuberculous pleuritis. The clinical diagnosis efficiency was calculated for the diagnosis of tuberculous pleuritis.

ADA activities {median (M) [quartile(Q)]} were 47.30(26.50), 8.15(6.50) and 5.40(8.40)U/L for tuberculosis, cancer and other disease groups, and the differences were statistically significant (Z values were 6.981, 6.978 and 2.302, P<0.05). LDH activities[M(Q)] were 453.68(242.07), 252.00(368.00) and 101.50(192.00)U/L, and the differences were statistically significant (Z=2.419, 5.386 and 4.324, P<0.05). ROC curve showed that the optimal threshold of ADA for the diagnosis of tuberculous pleuritis was 26.7 U/L, the sensitivity was 89.5 %, and the specificity was 89.6%. The optimal threshold of LDH for the diagnosis of tuberculous pleuritis was 173.5 U/L, the sensitivity was 92.1 %, and the specificity was 54.4 %. The sensitivity and specificity of ADA and LDH combination determination were 89.5% and 54.1%.

ADA is an important indicator for tuberculous pleuritis, and LDH has relatively low specificity for the diagnosis of tuberculous pleurtis with certain reference significance. The combination determination has not high clinical diagnosis efficiency.

Analysis on Helicobacter pylori infection and relative parameters of platelet

CHEN Jiaqi, QU Chunsheng, WANG Peng, WU Weiping.

2015, 30(10):  991-992.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2015.10.006

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To investigate the influence of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection on relative platelet(PLT) parameters[PLT count, thrombocytocrit (PCT), mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet distribution width (PDW)]among chronic gastritis patients.

A total of 50 healthy subjects (healthy control group), 70 chronic gastritis patients with Hp infection and 70 chronic gastritis patients without Hp infection were enrolled, and relative PLT parameters and PAIgG were analyzed.

In Hp infection group, PLT count, PCT and PAIgG had statistical significance with non-Hp infection group and healthy control group.For HP infection group, PAIgG showed statistical significance between thrombocytopenia group and PLT normal group.

Chronic gastritis with Hp infection is likely to cause the increasing of PAIgG which can lead to thrombocytopenia. PLT relative antibody is important in the diagnosis and treatment of unexplained thrombocytopenia diseases.

Application of ABO genotyping in the identification of type discrepancy blood in children with leukemia

YE Xingchen, ZHANG Fan, GU Yuwei, FU Qihua, WANG Jing.

2015, 30(10):  993-997.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2015.10.007

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To identify type discrepancy blood accurately by applying genotyping technique in leukemia children for ABO blood type identification, avoiding the interference of disease and other factors, ensuring transfusion safety.

Micro-column agglutination was used for ABO blood type serological identification. The DNA was extracted from whole blood of leukemia children. Exon 1-7, enhancer and promoter regions of ABO gene were amplified by polymerase chain reaction(PCR). PCR products were directly sequenced, and the results were compared with those of the Blood Group Antigen Gene Mutation Database to identify ABO genotyping.

The serological result of 1 leukemia children might be subgroup A, genotype A102/O01, so it was identified as A blood type. The another serological result might be subgroup B, genotype B101/O01, so it was identified as B blood type. Red cell products of compatible blood type were transfused to the 2 patients without any adverse reaction.

The results of forward and reverse tests for the 2 children are not accordant because of diseases, which make us hard to identify blood type. However, it helps us with ensuring the transfusion safety and effectivity by ABO genotyping technique.

Research on the relationship between the level changes of RDW-CV and left ventricular mass index in patients with essential hypertension

LIU Jing, LI Bin, LIU Shuli, ZHENG Xi

2015, 30(10):  998-1001.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2015.10.008

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To investigate the relationship between the level changes of red blood cell distribution width coefficient of variation (RDW-CV) and left ventricular mass index (LVMI) in patients with essential hypertension (EH).

A total of 100 patients with EH were enrolled as EH group, and 30 healthy subjects were enrolled as healthy control group. Echocardiography was used to measure related indices, and LVMI was calculated. According to the diagnostic criteria of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH)(LVMI for male>125 g/m² and LVMI for female>110 g/m²), EH group was classified into 2 groups, EH with LVH group (LVH group, 40 cases) and EH without LVH group (NLVH group, 60 cases). RDW-CV, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), hemoglobin (Hb), high-sensitivity C reaction protein (hs-CRP) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were determined, and a correlation analysis on RDW-CV level changes and LVMI was performed.

MCV, Hb and LVEF among the 3 groups had no statistical significance (P>0.05). The level of RDW-CV and LVMI in NLVH group and LVH group were significantly higher than those in healthy control group (P<0.01). The level of RDW-CV and LVMI elevated significantly in LVH group than in NLVH group (P<0.01). Pearson linear correlation analysis showed that RDW-CV was positively correlated with LVMI in EH patients(r=0.36, P<0.05).

The expression level of RDW-CV elevates in patients with EH, which is relative to LVMI.

Esablishment on isolation and identification kit for circulating tumor cells in breast cancer

ZHANG Jian, FENG Xiaoyan, SUN Tingting, WANG Kai, ZHANG Xirui, GAO Jiefeng, LIANG Xiaofei, KANG Xiangdong, PENG Junjie, ZHANG Heqiu, MIAO Chaoliang, SHEN Hebai

2015, 30(10):  1011-1016.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2015.10.012

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To investigate the clinical application significance of epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM)lipid immune magnetic particles and human breast mammaglobin (hMAM) monoclonal antibody in breast cancer circulating tumor cell (CTC) isolation and identification kit.

Breast cancer MCF-7 cells were mixed in healthy fresh blood samples, and the isolation ability of EpCAM lipid immune magnetic particles on breast cancer was analyzed by immune magnetic particle isolating technique. A comparison between EpCAM lipid immune magnetic particles and Cell Tracks ^® AutoPrep^® System (CellSearch^TM) magnetic particles for the capture efficiency of MCF-7 cells was performed in a simulation experiment, and the hematological items were determined.

The results of fluorescence microscopy showed that the capture ability of EpCAM lipid immune magnetic particle was significantly stronger than that of nanoparticles without antibody. The results of laser scanning confocal microscopy showed that the modification of EpCAM lipid immune magnetic particle antibody significantly enhanced the efficiency and specificity of magnetic particles capturing MCF-7 cells. Simulation experiment results showed that the capturing results of EpCAM lipid immune magnetic particles of 10, 20, 40, 80, 150 and 200 MCF-7 cells were close to CellSearch^TM magnetic particles. In the blood samples from patients with breast cancer, the CTC capturing efficiencies of EpCAM lipid immune magnetic particles and CellSearch^TM magnetic particles were almost the same, in some cases, the CTC capturing efficiency of EpCAM lipid immune magnetic particles was significantly better than that of CellSearch^TM magnetic particles.

The research on the establishment of EpCAM lipid immune magnetic particles and hMAN monoclonal antibody based on CTC isolation and identification kit has high capturing efficiency of CTC in blood samples from patients with breast cancer. It will provide a strong support for the early diagnosis, pre-operation and post-operation analysis and treatment effect evaluation.

Comparison on genotyping of Candida parapsilosis by polymorphic microsatellite marker technology and repetitive sequence-based PCR

LI Zhen, DONG Danfeng, ZHANG Lihua, JIANG Cen, PENG Yibing.

2015, 30(10):  1017-1020.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2015.10.013

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To evaluate the application of polymorphic microsatellite marker(PMM)technology and repetitive sequence-based polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for genotyping of Candida parapsilosis.

From March 2012 to November 2013, 55 Candida parapsilosis isolates were collected from 5 hospitals in Shanghai, which were further identified as Candida parapsilosis sensu stricto (43 isolates) by amplifying and sequencing with internal transcribed sequence(ITS). All the isolates were genotyped by repetitive sequence-based PCR and PMM technology. Finally, the results and efficacy of these 2 genotyping methods were compared.

The 43 Candida parapsilosis sensu stricto isolates had only 1 genotype by repetitive sequence-based PCR. PMM technology generated 22 genotypes. The major genotypes were Type Ⅰ (10 isolates) and Type Ⅱ (6 isolates), whereas Type Ⅲ-Ⅶ were observed in 2 or 3 isolates. Another 15 genotypes were observed in only 1 isolate.

PMM technology is an effective genotyping method for Candida parapsilosis sensu stricto with high resolution and repeatability, which could be used to determine the micro-evolutionary variations. However, repetitive sequence-based PCR is not suitable for the genotyping of Candida parapsilosis sensu stricto.

Improved method for the determination of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 by ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry

YU Songlin, FANG Huiling, ZHANG Ruiping, CHENG Xinqi, HAN Jianhua, SU Wei, CHENG Qian, HOU Li'an, JIANG Xiaomei, QIU Ling

2015, 30(10):  1021-1026.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2015.10.014

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To establish a method for the determinations of serum 3-epi 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [3-epi 25(OH)D3], 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25(OH)D3] and 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 [25(OH)D2] by ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS).

Serum samples were mixed with internal standard [25(OH)D2-d3 and 25(OH)D3-d3] and treated with methanol and ZnSO4 solution to precipitate protein, and then extracted with hexane. Gradient elution with methanol and water was used in chromatography, and chromatography system was in the positive electro-spray ionization mode and multiple reaction monitor mode, and the transitions used for each analyte were: 3-epi 25(OH)D3 to 25(OH)D3 mass to charge (m/z) 413.3→395.3,3-epi 25(OH)D3 to 25(OH)D2 m/z 401.4→383.4, 25 (OH)D2-d3 m/z 416.3→398.3 and 25(OH)D3- d3 m/z 404.4→386.4. 25(OH)D3 and 25(OH)D2 were quantified by internal standard and standard curves. The quantification of 3-epi 25(OH)D3 used the same internal standard and standard curves as 25(OH)D3. The linearity, precision and accuracy were evaluated. A total of 307 samples were determined by this method and routine UPLC-MS/MS established early to evaluate consistency and the influence of 3-epi 25(OH)D3 on routine UPLC-MS/MS.

By this method, serum 3-epi 25(OH)D3 , 25(OH)D3 and 25(OH)D2 were separated and quantified in 13 min. The linearity correlation coefficients(r) were > 0.999. The total and within-run coefficients of variation (CV) of 25(OH)D3 were 2.82%(2.45%-3.21%) and 1.82%(1.76%-1.91%). For 25(OH)D2, they were 4.34%(2.88%-7.01%) and 2.62%(1.91%-3.66%). The accuracies of 25(OH)D2, 25(OH)D3 and 3-epi 25(OH)D3 were 104.5%-106.8%, 98.9%-106.9% and 108.0%-109.9%, respectively. In all the 307 patients, the concentration of 3-epi 25(OH)D3 was less than 3 ng/mL. The means of this method and routine UPLC-MS/MS for 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] were 15.53±8.58 and (15.98 ±9.08) ng/mL, respectively, with a bias of -0.46 ng/mL, and bias% of -2.44%, and there was no statistical significance between the 2 methods(t=0.631, P=0.53). R² was 0.978. The rates of vitamin D deficiency, insufficiency and sufficiency were 76.9%, 14.3% and 8.8% by this method, respectively, and the rates for routine UPLC-MS/MS were 75.6%, 15.3% and 9.1%. The consistency of the 2 methods was 94.1%. There was no influence of 3-epi 25(OH)D3 on clinical routine UPLC-MS/MS.

The established UPLC-MS/MS can separate serum 3-epi 25(OH)D3, 25(OH)D2 and 25(OH)D3 . It is accurate and specific, and it provides a reference method for the evaluation of routine UPLC-MS/MS and automated immunoassays for determining 25(OH)D.

Evaluation of 2 platelet estimation methods using peripheral blood smear

ZHU Jianfeng, ZHANG Li, WANG Beili, GUO Wei, PAN Baishen.

2015, 30(10):  1027-1029.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2015.10.015

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To evaluate the clinical significance of 2 platelet estimation methods using peripheral blood smear in thrombocytopenia patients.

A total of 227 ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid-K₂ (EDTA-K₂) anticoagulant blood samples were collected and performed by Sysmex XE-2100 automatic hematology analyzer. The blood smears were completed and stained by Sysmex SP1000i automatic blood smear instrument.

A and B were used to estimate platelet count. The results of 2 platelet estimation methods were compared, and the correlations and Bland-Altman consistency analysis were performed.

Platelet counts from

A and B showed correlation coefficients of 0.894 and 0.867 when compared with automatic hematology analyzer (P<0.000 1). Bland-Altman analysis showed that 2 methods and automatic hematology analyzer had no systematic bias, and it had consistency for platelet count.

Blood smear platelet estimation shows good correlation and consistency with automatic hematology analyzer. It is useful for the verification of the low platelet results of automatic hematology analyzer in clinical practice.

The influence of Salmonella typhi plasmid pR_ST98 on bacterial biofilm formation and virulence

LIU Zhen, QUE Fengxia, LI Yuanyuan, WU Shuyan, HUANG Rui.

2015, 30(10):  1033-1038.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2015.10.017

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To investigate the influence of Salmonella typhi plasmid pR_ST98 on bacterial biofilm formation and virulence.

Salmonella typhi plasmid pR_ST98 was conjugated into Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli to form Salmonella typhimurium/pR_ST98 and Escherichia coli/pR_ST98. These bacteria were cultured under suitable conditions to form biofilm. The planktonic bacteria were prepared. Biofilm bacteria and planktonic bacteria were adjusted to the same concentration then carried on adhesion and invasion experiments with CT26,anti-serum killing experiments and anti-macrophage phagocytosis experiments to compare virulence in different states.

Salmonella typhi plasmid pR_ST98 can advance biofilm formation of Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli, and biofilm promoted all bacterium adhesion capabilities to CT26 except for Escherichia coli. The biofilm formation of Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli decreased invasion capabilities to CT26 . The survival rates of Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli in biofilm were higher than the bacteria in planktonic states for rabbit serum and guinea pig serum. Salmonella typhimurium survival rate within macrophages in biofilm state was significantly higher than that under planktonic state.

Plasmid pR_ST98 can promote the biofilm formation of Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli. Biofilm formation promotes adhesion to cells while inhibiting invasion capability,and enhances anti-serum killing and anti-macrophage phagocytosis.

Investigation on the feasibility for metrological traceability of conventional determination system based on IFCC reference measurement procedure

DENG Yongjun, SHI Ying, ZHOU Jun, WU Lishan, SHEN Min

2015, 30(10):  1039-1043.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2015.10.018

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To investigate the feasibility for metrological traceability of conventional determination system based on the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine(IFCC)reference measurement procedure.

The 20 frozen serum samples with different concentrations were determined for lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)according to IFCC reference measurement procedure and routine method (as A method). The accuracy was evaluated according to the guideline of the Basic Quality Management Practice in Clinical Laboratory and the offset graph graphical-analysis. If the routine method existed bias, the calibration value was corrected by regression analysis. The fresh single serum samples of LDH were determined simultaneously by IFCC reference measurement procedure and routine method (as B method) in order to verify the accuracy measured by A method.

The regression equation with A method and IFCC reference measurement procedure was Y=1.092X-4.529, and the average bias value was 7.24%. B method calibrators' correction value was 174 U/L. The regression equation with B method and IFCC reference measurement procedure was Y=0.988X-0.470, and the average bias value was -1.37%.

The results of A method are significantly higher than those of IFCC reference measurement procedure, and the results of B method established through amendments are consistent with those of IFCC reference measurement procedure.

The research progress on long non-coding RNA in immune inflammatory reaction

WEI Tingting, YANG Min, TANG Qingqin, ZHONG Renqian.

2015, 30(10):  1044-1047.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2015.10.019

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As a new field of regulatory genes in genome research, long non-coding RNA(lncRNA)plays an important role in each stage of cell biological activity, including mediating chromatin remodeling, mRNA alternative splicing, mRNA degradation and protein translation, with complex biological functions. Up to now, a variety of lncRNA have been found in cancers, cardiovascular diseases and neurodegenerative diseases, however, the research of lncRNA in immune system is still limited. Recent studies have found that lncRNA can interact with protein compounds or transcription factors, then regulate the differentiation of immune cells, and regulate the expression of inflammatory cytokines in order to control the inflammatory response. At present, in some immune diseases, several lncRNA expresses with differences, but the exact mechanisms remain to be seen. Therefore, this review mainly outlines the significant functions of lncRNA in the regulation of immune cell differentiation and immune inflammatory regulation in brief.

RANTES and eotaxin in tuberculosis

ZHAO Yanfeng, FENG Xiaoyan, ZHANG Heqiu

2015, 30(10):  1048-1052.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2015.10.020

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Tuberculosis remains one of the most common infectious diseases to threat human health. China is the 22nd high tuberculosis burden country. Early correct diagnosis and proper treatment are critical to control Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. The traditional laboratory diagnosis methods of tuberculosis have many shortcomings, and no excellent biomarkers are found and verified,which hampers and attempts to develop new tests. Along with the increasing research of regulated upon activation normal T cell expressed and secreted(RANTES) and eotaxin, more and more studies indicate that RANTES and eotaxin have potential significance in the diagnosis and monitoring of tuberculosis.